[Title Page and Table of Contents]: The title page and table of contents for Volume XXVII, No. 6 of the Mittheilungen der k. k. Geographischen Gesellschaft in Wien (1884). It lists articles on Alpine settlement forms, the fourth German Geographers' Day, the eruption of Krakatoa, and various literary reports. [Obituary for Ferdinand Ritter von Hochstetter]: A formal announcement and brief tribute regarding the death of Hofrath Dr. Ferdinand Ritter von Hochstetter, Honorary President of the Geographical Society and leader of the Novara Expedition. The society notes his immense scientific contributions and promises a detailed biography in a future issue. [Settlement Forms in the Alps]: Inama-Sternegg analyzes the evolution and typology of human settlements in the Alps, distinguishing between the village system (Dorfsystem) and the individual farm system (Hofsystem). He argues that these forms are not merely products of topography, but are deeply influenced by economic needs (agriculture vs. pastoralism), legal traditions of land ownership, and ethnic history (Germanic vs. Romance/Slavic influences). He specifically examines how factors like sun exposure (Sonnen- vs. Schattenseite) dictate agricultural practices, which in turn shape the physical layout of dwellings and fields. [Report on the Fourth German Geographers' Day in Munich]: A detailed report on the proceedings and exhibition of the 1884 German Geographers' Day in Munich. It covers Professor Kirchhoff's lecture on geographical research methods, the establishment of a permanent statute for the congress, and an extensive review of the cartographic and educational exhibition, highlighting works from major publishers like Perthes and Westermann. [Exhibition of Photographs and Ethnographic Sketches]: A brief overview of the ethnographic and photographic section of the Munich exhibition, featuring sketches from the Congo by Pechuel-Loesche, racial types from the Nile by Buchta, and observations from the South Seas and South Georgia. [The Eruption of Krakatoa in August 1883]: A contemporary account of the catastrophic eruption of Krakatoa in the Sunda Strait. The text describes the seismic activity, the devastating tsunamis (reaching up to 80 meters in some areas), the massive ash falls, and the total destruction of coastal towns like Anjer and Tjeringin. It includes eyewitness reports from ships in the area and notes the disappearance of the island itself. [Notes on the Durmitor Group and Ohio Floods]: Two distinct geographical notes: first, Oscar Baumann provides corrections and clarifications regarding the topography and nomenclature of the Durmitor mountain group in Montenegro. Second, a report by Meissner discusses the devastating 1883-1884 floods of the Ohio River, analyzing the geological causes and proposing a telegraphic warning system based on the French model used for the Seine. [Literary Report: African Exploration and Himalayan Ethnography]: Critical reviews of recent geographical literature. Includes Philipp Paulitschke's work on the exploration of the Adal lands and Harar in East Africa, and Karl Eugen von Ujfalvy's ethnographic research in the Western Himalayas (Kashmir and Little Tibet), which identifies the Baltis as Aryans rather than Mongols. [Literary Report: Physical Geography and Cartography]: Reviews of various reference works and maps, including Peschel-Leipoldt's Physical Geography, Koch's classification of the Silvretta group, Hübner's statistical tables, and Ravenstein's maps of the Eastern Alps. [Review: Transylvania (Siebenbürgen) by Rudolf Bergner]: A critical review of Rudolf Bergner's book on Transylvania. While praising the vivid descriptions of the landscape and the Romanian population, the reviewer (Friedenfels) critiques the author's lack of depth regarding the Magyar population and certain historical inaccuracies, characterizing it more as a talented travelogue than a definitive scientific work. [Review: General Geography by Hann, Hochstetter, and Pokorny]: An extensive review of the first volume of 'Unser Wissen von der Erde,' focusing on Julius Hann's section on astronomical and physical geography. It discusses scientific advancements in understanding the Earth's density, magnetism, polar lights, and atmospheric phenomena. The reviewer (V. v. Haardt) praises the scientific rigor but offers minor criticism of the cartographic execution. [Short Reviews: Persian Chrestomathy and Astronomy]: Brief reviews of Ch. Schefer's Persian Chrestomathy (noting its geographical value for Central Asian nomenclature) and three volumes from the 'Wissen der Gegenwart' series covering the Sun, Planets, Fixed Stars, and the Moon. [Review: Trade with the Dutch East Indies]: A review of Dr. Sonndorfer's study on trade with the Dutch East Indies, based on the 1883 Amsterdam Colonial Exhibition. It provides practical advice for Austrian exporters and details on the economic geography of the region. [Review: Travels in Norway and Principles of Physical Geography]: Final reviews covering L. Passarge's 'Summer Trips in Norway' and Alexander Supan's 'Principles of Physical Geography.' Supan's work is highly praised as a foundational text that integrates the latest research in climatology, oceanography, and geomorphology, including Suess's theories on sea-level changes and Penck's glaciological studies.
The title page and table of contents for Volume XXVII, No. 6 of the Mittheilungen der k. k. Geographischen Gesellschaft in Wien (1884). It lists articles on Alpine settlement forms, the fourth German Geographers' Day, the eruption of Krakatoa, and various literary reports.
Read full textA formal announcement and brief tribute regarding the death of Hofrath Dr. Ferdinand Ritter von Hochstetter, Honorary President of the Geographical Society and leader of the Novara Expedition. The society notes his immense scientific contributions and promises a detailed biography in a future issue.
Read full textInama-Sternegg analyzes the evolution and typology of human settlements in the Alps, distinguishing between the village system (Dorfsystem) and the individual farm system (Hofsystem). He argues that these forms are not merely products of topography, but are deeply influenced by economic needs (agriculture vs. pastoralism), legal traditions of land ownership, and ethnic history (Germanic vs. Romance/Slavic influences). He specifically examines how factors like sun exposure (Sonnen- vs. Schattenseite) dictate agricultural practices, which in turn shape the physical layout of dwellings and fields.
Read full textA detailed report on the proceedings and exhibition of the 1884 German Geographers' Day in Munich. It covers Professor Kirchhoff's lecture on geographical research methods, the establishment of a permanent statute for the congress, and an extensive review of the cartographic and educational exhibition, highlighting works from major publishers like Perthes and Westermann.
Read full textA brief overview of the ethnographic and photographic section of the Munich exhibition, featuring sketches from the Congo by Pechuel-Loesche, racial types from the Nile by Buchta, and observations from the South Seas and South Georgia.
Read full textA contemporary account of the catastrophic eruption of Krakatoa in the Sunda Strait. The text describes the seismic activity, the devastating tsunamis (reaching up to 80 meters in some areas), the massive ash falls, and the total destruction of coastal towns like Anjer and Tjeringin. It includes eyewitness reports from ships in the area and notes the disappearance of the island itself.
Read full textTwo distinct geographical notes: first, Oscar Baumann provides corrections and clarifications regarding the topography and nomenclature of the Durmitor mountain group in Montenegro. Second, a report by Meissner discusses the devastating 1883-1884 floods of the Ohio River, analyzing the geological causes and proposing a telegraphic warning system based on the French model used for the Seine.
Read full textCritical reviews of recent geographical literature. Includes Philipp Paulitschke's work on the exploration of the Adal lands and Harar in East Africa, and Karl Eugen von Ujfalvy's ethnographic research in the Western Himalayas (Kashmir and Little Tibet), which identifies the Baltis as Aryans rather than Mongols.
Read full textReviews of various reference works and maps, including Peschel-Leipoldt's Physical Geography, Koch's classification of the Silvretta group, Hübner's statistical tables, and Ravenstein's maps of the Eastern Alps.
Read full textA critical review of Rudolf Bergner's book on Transylvania. While praising the vivid descriptions of the landscape and the Romanian population, the reviewer (Friedenfels) critiques the author's lack of depth regarding the Magyar population and certain historical inaccuracies, characterizing it more as a talented travelogue than a definitive scientific work.
Read full textAn extensive review of the first volume of 'Unser Wissen von der Erde,' focusing on Julius Hann's section on astronomical and physical geography. It discusses scientific advancements in understanding the Earth's density, magnetism, polar lights, and atmospheric phenomena. The reviewer (V. v. Haardt) praises the scientific rigor but offers minor criticism of the cartographic execution.
Read full textBrief reviews of Ch. Schefer's Persian Chrestomathy (noting its geographical value for Central Asian nomenclature) and three volumes from the 'Wissen der Gegenwart' series covering the Sun, Planets, Fixed Stars, and the Moon.
Read full textA review of Dr. Sonndorfer's study on trade with the Dutch East Indies, based on the 1883 Amsterdam Colonial Exhibition. It provides practical advice for Austrian exporters and details on the economic geography of the region.
Read full textFinal reviews covering L. Passarge's 'Summer Trips in Norway' and Alexander Supan's 'Principles of Physical Geography.' Supan's work is highly praised as a foundational text that integrates the latest research in climatology, oceanography, and geomorphology, including Suess's theories on sea-level changes and Penck's glaciological studies.
Read full text