by Zingerle and Inama Sternegg
[Google Digital Copy Information and Usage Guidelines]: This section provides the standard Google Book Search disclaimer and usage guidelines in both English and German. It explains the nature of public domain books, the digitization process, and the restrictions on commercial or automated use of the digital files. [Hörltenberg: Ehehaft-ordnung and Historical Notes]: This segment contains the 'Ehehaft-ordnung' (local customary law/ordinance) for the district of Hörltenberg, covering prohibitions on blasphemy, adherence to Tyrolean state police regulations, and bans on usury. It includes an extensive footnote detailing the feudal history of the Lordship of Hörltenberg from the 13th century through its transfer to Tyrolean administration in 1825. [Telfs: Customary Law and Labor Regulations (1631)]: A detailed ordinance from 1631 for the community of Telfs. It establishes strict rules for 'Feierabend' (cessation of work) on Saturdays and holidays to ensure religious observance and participation in processions. It defines specific times for stopping work based on the season (Michaelmas vs. summer) and outlines fines for those caught working or driving wagons after the church bells have signaled the end of the workday. [Title Page and Publisher's Catalog]: The title page for 'Die tirolischen Weisthümer II. Theil: Oberinntal' (1877), followed by a publisher's catalog from Wilhelm Braumüller. The catalog lists significant historical works on Austrian history, including multi-volume sets on Maria Theresa, Prince Eugene of Savoy, and the University of Vienna. [Title Page and Introduction to the Second Volume: Oberinnthal]: This segment contains the title page and a comprehensive introduction to the second volume of Tyrolean Weisthümer, focusing on the Oberinnthal region. The editors, Zingerle and Inama-Sternegg, discuss the scope of the collection, which includes 150 legal records from 120 locations. They address the challenges of dating these documents, noting that the date of recording often differs from the age of the underlying customary law. The introduction also highlights the linguistic transition from Bavarian to Alemannic dialects in the upper Inn valley and the presence of Romance linguistic remnants. It concludes with acknowledgments to various contributors and archives. [Inzing: Forestry, Pasture, and Community Regulations]: A detailed set of community regulations for Inzing, primarily focusing on the management of natural resources and social order. It covers strict rules for woodcutting (especially larch and fir), the prevention of wood theft, and the organization of communal labor for maintaining paths and water defenses (archen). The text also details pasture rights, the hiring of herdsmen, the prohibition of unauthorized new buildings, and fire safety. It includes social restrictions on housing 'outsiders' and concludes with the formal public reading and acceptance of these laws in June 1616. [Flaurling: Medieval and Early Modern Village Statutes]: This section presents two sets of documents for Flaurling. The first is a 15th-century parchment detailing territorial boundaries between Flaurling and Polling, wood and pasture rights, and the duties of millers and herdsmen. It reflects the transition of rights from the Stams monastery and local lords. The second document is a 1737 'Dorf- und Gemainsordnung' (Village and Community Order) which establishes entry fees for new residents, minimum wealth requirements for outsiders, and specific limitations on livestock for different classes of residents (Söllner vs. Lechenschaften) to prevent overgrazing. [Seefeld: Community Ordinances and Social Control]: Two ordinances from Seefeld (1656 and 1757). The 1651/1656 decree focuses on preventing the settlement of poor, landless individuals to protect the community from the burden of beggars and resource depletion. It mandates high entry fees and wealth proof for newcomers. The 1757 ordinance provides administrative details: the election of 'Viertlmaister', fire safety inspections, prohibitions on gathering manure or grass from common lands, and restrictions on public dancing during the harvest season. It also establishes fixed compensation for community officials traveling on business. [Scharnitz: Late 18th Century Community and Church Statutes]: This segment covers the 1789/1790 community ordinances for Scharnitz and a 1775 regulation regarding church entry fees. The community statutes define the roles of the 'Anwald' and 'Viertlmeister', establish a tax system for residents based on their use of common lands, and create a primitive form of livestock insurance where the community shares the loss of a cow. The 1775 document specifies 'Einkaufgelder' (entry fees) paid to the local church by newcomers upon marriage or settlement, with reduced rates for locals and exemptions for certain cases of legitimized children. [Leublfingen: Village Ordinances and Boundary Definitions]: This segment contains the 'Öffnung' (legal declaration) for Leublfingen, detailing its rights and boundaries relative to Pettinau. It covers specific geographic markers for wood and pasture rights, strict regulations on protected timber (panholz), and rules for seasonal field usage. It also defines complex water management protocols for the local stream, including flood prevention and shared irrigation rights, as well as rules for livestock, milling, and the maintenance of public paths. [Silz: Comprehensive Village Statutes and Forest Protection]: This section establishes the updated legal order for the community of Silz under the lordship of St. Petersberg (1616). It outlines the duties of the village master (dorfmaister), the requirement for citizens to attend communal meetings, and the organization of communal labor. A significant portion is dedicated to forest conservation, identifying five specific protected forests (paanwäld) and regulating the extraction of timber for construction and fuel. It also details the management of the communal water canal (wasserwahl) from the Ötztal, including maintenance duties and penalties for unauthorized water diversion. [Silz: Agricultural Cycles, Pasture Rights, and Alpine Rotation]: This segment details the agricultural and pastoral calendar for Silz. It establishes a 15-year rotation system for alpine pastures (albfart) divided among three village sections. It sets strict dates for mowing meadows, driving livestock to summer pastures, and clearing fields. The text also regulates the use of public roads, prohibiting the storage of manure on thoroughfares, and defines the rights of the local 'mair' (estate manager) regarding irrigation and fertilization. [Silz: Residency Rights, Immigration, and Social Welfare]: This section addresses social and demographic regulations in Silz, focusing on residency permits and the prevention of poverty. It mandates an 'entry fee' (einkaufgeld) for new residents and sets strict conditions for those wishing to return to the village after spending their inheritance elsewhere. It also contains measures against vagrancy, limiting the housing of beggars and peddlers to a single night. The segment concludes with the duties of the village officials (sechsor and dorfmaister) and a 1628/1652 update increasing the wealth requirements and fees for new residents to ensure they do not become a burden on the community. [Weisthum of Rietz (1491/1637)]: A detailed legal record (Weisthum) for the village of Rietz, based on a 1491 parchment and a 1637 renewal. It outlines specific grazing rights for small and large livestock across various landmarks (Gaißkopf, Stammsen, Telfern), forestry usage for timber and firewood, and strict water management rules for the village stream. The text also defines the jurisdictional boundaries of St. Petersberg and the specific obligations of local estates like the Püchelhof and the Mairhof, including maintenance of gates and fences. [The Customary Law and Court Regulations of Stams (1538)]: This section details the 'Pauteding' (manorial court) and customary laws of the Stams monastery, dating primarily from 1538. It establishes the Abbot's authority over the tenants, defining the geographical boundaries of the monastery's jurisdiction from Marchegk to the Inn river. It covers a wide range of regulations: labor services (fronarbeit), grazing limitations for specific farms (Bruderhofer, Wintfanger), fishing prohibitions, and strict social ordinances against gambling, swearing, and the unauthorized carrying of weapons. It also includes specific mandates for fire safety and the sale of grain or livestock to outsiders. [Forestry Ordinance for Thann, Haslach, and Wintfang (1538)]: A specific forestry ordinance enacted in 1538 by the monastery of Stams for the subjects in Thann, Haslach, and Wintfang. The ordinance was created to address the 'unorderly waste' of woods and establishes 'panwälder' (protected forests) with clearly marked boundaries. It distinguishes between types of wood usage: timber for construction (larch, spruce), firewood, and wood for tools. It sets penalties for unauthorized cutting and mandates the annual appointment of forest overseers (rieger) to ensure compliance and sustainable use of communal resources. [Haimingen: New Legal Ordinances and Customs (1644)]: A comprehensive set of 34 legal articles and subsequent 1652 amendments governing the community of Haimingen under the jurisdiction of St. Petersberg. The text details obligations to landlords (ground rents, tithes), specific grazing rights on shared meadows (Metzer wisen, Oberwis), and strict forest usage regulations (panholz). It establishes rigorous social and economic controls, including high entry fees (einkaufelt) for outsiders wishing to settle, mandatory communal labor for infrastructure like roads and wells, and detailed fire safety inspections. The 1652 additions further restrict residency to those with significant wealth (200-400 gulden) and mandate parental and communal consent for marriages involving new households. [Oetzthal and Umhausen: Rights of the Frauenchiemsee Convent]: Legal declarations regarding the rights and properties of the Frauenchiemsee (Frauenwerd) convent in the Oetzthal and Umhausen regions. The text outlines the authority of the convent's officials (kamrär) over tenants, defining boundaries from Hohen-Rain to Tinnels-joch. It covers diverse manorial rights including shares in fishing and hunting, the status of 'aigen laut' (serfs/unfree people) whose children belong to the convent, and inheritance taxes (totval). Economic regulations specify that dairy farms (swaiger) must pay rents in cheese rather than coin unless misfortune occurs, and farmers must offer the convent first right of refusal when selling tenancy rights (paurecht). [Roppen: Community Ordinances and Residency Restrictions (1625)]: A 1625 ordinance for the community of Roppen focusing heavily on the exclusion of outsiders and the financial obligations of residents. It prohibits non-natives from settling without communal and lordly consent, specifically targeting former residents who spent their inheritance elsewhere and wish to return in poverty. The document mandates 'einkaufgelt' (entry fees) for new residents, sets fines for unauthorized harboring of strangers, and details the duties of the village mayor (dorfmaister) in inspecting livestock, chimneys, and fences. It also establishes fees for grazing excess cattle and fines for missing communal work days. [Untermieming and Fiecht: Village Statutes (1618)]: The 1618 statutes for the communities of Untermieming and Fiecht, detailing the administrative and ecological governance of the village. Key provisions include fines for ignoring the village mayor's summons, penalties for failing to perform communal labor (with higher rates for alpine work), and strict environmental protections such as bans on gathering specific types of wood (täxen) or raking leaves in communal fields. The text also regulates the housing of sub-tenants (söllmann) and the admission of new households, requiring communal consent and entry fees. It concludes with the requirement for village officials to be sworn in by the St. Petersberg jurisdiction. [Community Ordinance of Obermiemingen (1765)]: A detailed 18-point community ordinance for Obermiemingen established in 1765. It outlines the election and duties of the village master (Dorfmaister) and four officials (Gwalthaber), focusing on fire prevention (inspections of kitchens and chimneys), maintenance of fences, management of alpine pastures, and the regulation of foreign livestock. It also establishes rules for communal labor (Schichten), residency fees for newcomers (Einkaufsgelt), and prohibitions on night-time flax processing and unauthorized wood sales. [Community Ordinance of Wildermiemingen (1691)]: A comprehensive 20-point community ordinance for Wildermiemingen from 1691. It defines the governance structure involving a village master and twelve councilors (Ausschuss). Key regulations include strict forestry management to prevent over-logging, detailed grazing and mowing schedules for specific fields (Straßperg, Stairach), and rigorous requirements for new residents, including a minimum wealth threshold (150 gulden) and entry fees. Notably, it includes specific provisions for the legal status and residency rights of illegitimate children and the duties of fire inspectors. [Community Ordinance of Karres (1741)]: A detailed 1741 community ordinance (Ehehaft) for Karres, outlining civic duties, residency requirements, and resource management. It establishes fines for missing community meetings or labor, sets strict financial thresholds for outsiders wishing to settle in the village (Einkaufgelt), and regulates the use of forests, pastures, and water. The text also defines the role of the 'Pfenter' (village overseer) and ensures the overarching rights of the sovereign and the court of Petersberg. [Market and Parish Ordinance of Reutte (1664)]: A 1664 ordinance for the market of Reutte and the parish of Breitenwang, preceded by a historical overview of the region's development under the Welfs, Hohenstaufens, and Habsburgs. The regulations focus on agricultural order, including livestock limits based on wintering capacity (Ausschlag), the timing of field grazing, maintenance of fences, and penalties for trespassing or unringed swine. It emphasizes the authority of the Reutte mayor and council over the parish in civil matters. [The Customary Law of Aschau (1461/1470)]: A comprehensive legal document (Baunding) defining the relationship between the Abbey of St. Mang in Füssen (the landlord) and the sovereign bailiff (Vogt) of Erenberg regarding the village of Aschau. It details territorial boundaries, tax obligations (Steuer), and judicial divisions, specifically the five high crimes reserved for the Vogt. The text covers inheritance laws (Erblehen), the rights of widows and children, the selection of the village mayor (Mair), and specific trade privileges such as duty-free commerce in Füssen and Ingolstadt. [Privileges and Rights of the Lechthal (1416)]: A confirmation of rights granted by Duke Friedrich of Austria to the inhabitants of Lechthal and Thannheim in 1416, following the loss of original documents during the Appenzell wars. It establishes a fixed annual tax (Steur and Herrengeilt), limits labor duties for the Erenberg fortress, and protects the inhabitants' rights to hunt and fish (except for big game). It also outlines judicial protections, ensuring that locals cannot be forced into litigation if they can settle privately and protecting them from arbitrary imprisonment. [Parish and Alpine Ordinance of Thannheim (1607)]: A 1607 comprehensive ordinance for the Thannheim valley, regulating nearly all aspects of communal life. It mandates religious observance on Sundays, sets rules for village mayors and overseers, and provides strict guidelines for alpine pasture use (Albordnung), including specific dates for driving cattle and limits on livestock numbers. The document also covers forest conservation (protecting trees near streams), road maintenance (Lantstraß), and social conduct, such as prohibiting late-night carousing by young men. It concludes with specific procedures for tax collection and the admission of new residents. [Community Ordinance of Elmen and Klimm (1716)]: A detailed community ordinance from 1716 for the villages of Elmen and Klimm in the Lech valley. It establishes strict regulations for the construction and maintenance of river defenses (archen) against the Lech river, communal labor obligations, and agricultural rules regarding fencing and livestock. It also includes provisions for fire safety inspections, restrictions on building new hearths without permission, and specific 'entry fees' (bonification) for outsiders marrying into or moving to the community. [Community Ordinance of Elbigenalp and Köglen (1716)]: An ordinance governing Elbigenalp and Köglen, focusing on the election of village officials (Gewalthaber) and their authority. Key regulations cover mandatory labor for river defenses and road maintenance, pasture cleaning, and strict fire safety protocols. Notably, it includes a public health regulation for the village fountain and a social reform limiting the financial burden of weddings by requiring guests to pay for their own meals. [Community Ordinance of Bichlbach (1575)]: A 1575 ordinance for the parish of Bichlbach. It details the election of four village masters and the hiring of communal herdsmen. It provides a sophisticated conversion table for different types of livestock (e.g., how many sheep equal one cow) for grazing rights. The document also addresses community compensation for damages caused by military transit and establishes a rigorous three-stage fine system for tax delinquency. [Community Brief of Berwang]: A shorter community brief from Berwang defining grazing rights (Grasrechte) and fees. It specifies the 'zehend' (tithe/quota) for cows and calves, prohibits foreign calves, and sets rules for livestock sold or bought mid-season. It mandates that all community members, specifically those from Egghof, must bring their livestock to the communal herdsman. [Gemeindsvertrag Fortsetzung: Viehhaltung und Weideordnung]: This segment continues the communal agreement for Ehrwald, detailing specific regulations for livestock management. It covers the prohibition of certain bulls, rules for sheep and goat herding (including fees and seasonal restrictions), and the management of 'hailer' (young cattle). It also establishes financial obligations regarding the 'zehend' (tithe), procedures for communal meetings on St. George's Day, and penalties for damaging livestock or failing to attend communal assemblies. [Ordnungsbrief für die drei Höfe zu Ehrwald (1555)]: A formal 1555 parchment decree establishing the governance and agricultural order for the three specific farms (Müllner, Holzleitner, and Orter) in Ehrwald. It outlines the election of three community leaders ('Dreier'), their authority over fencing, pasture schedules, and communal labor. The document specifies fines for neglected fences, unauthorized grazing of foreign cattle, and the duties of herders, while also defining the distribution of penalty fees between the local community and the court at Ehrenberg. [Biberwier Village Ordinance of 1598]: A comprehensive village ordinance (Ordnungsbrief) for Biberwier from 1598. It establishes the annual election of two village masters (Dorfmaister) and details regulations for communal land use, including the maintenance of fences, irrigation (water rights), livestock management, and penalties for violations. It also covers public works like bridge building and fire safety inspections. [Imst: Market Ordinances and Communal Rights (Part I)]: A collection of legal documents and historical notes regarding the market town of Imst, primarily focusing on the 'gemainen ehafht' (communal laws) of the lower market. The text includes extensive historical context on the Starkenberger family and the town's development under Meinhard II. The specific regulations cover alpine grazing limits based on property size, fire prevention measures (such as chimney inspections and lantern rules), maintenance of communal paths and bridges, and strict forest protection laws (Panholz) to safeguard water sources and timber resources. [Vorschriften über Premställe, Holzschlag und Zäune]: This section continues the local regulations for Imst, specifically detailing the locations of 'premställe' (stables/shelters) and strict penalties for unauthorized woodcutting or damage to marked trees. It establishes rules for clearing felled timber to ensure livestock passage and mandates the maintenance of fences and gates by specific deadlines like St. George's Day. [Pfändung, Rodrecht und Viehhaltung in Imst]: A detailed set of regulations regarding the 'Rod' (rotational transport system) in Imst, including the financing of road construction under Archduke Sigmund. It covers the rights and duties of those participating in the transport service, equipment requirements (wagons and horses), penalties for non-compliance, and specific rules for livestock management and meadow protection. [Die Dorfordnung von Tarrenz (1671/1674)]: The village ordinance for Tarrenz, established by official Antoni Spergser, introduces a twelve-person committee to manage communal affairs. It details strict regulations on timber export, livestock quotas based on land ownership (grasgelt), seasonal grazing limits, and the duties of the 'gwalthaber' (community leaders) regarding taxes, fire safety, and fence maintenance. [Ehaft und Transportordnung von Nassereit und Torminz (1580)]: Legal statutes for Nassereit and Torminz governing the annual election of community leaders, field protection (saltner), and fire safety inspections. A significant portion is dedicated to the 'Rod' system for transporting salt over the Fern Pass to Lermoos, establishing priority for local residents over outsiders in freight loading. [Gemeindebrief von Gramais (1690)]: A communal agreement from Gramais outlining labor obligations for public works (bridges and roads), fence inspections, and penalties for livestock trespassing on protected meadows. It also mandates strict observance of religious holidays, threatening fines for those seen working during church services, and regulates the management of goats and sheep. [Weisthum of Wenns: Judicial Procedures and Local Rights]: A comprehensive record of the legal customs (Weisthum) for the community of Wenns, dating back to a 1782 copy of older originals. It details the relationship between the local judge and the community, the schedule for judicial assemblies (eichel täding), and specific fines for non-attendance. The text outlines the historical jurisdiction granted by Meinhard II and King Heinrich, and describes specific rights such as the three-day asylum (freiung) in the church property (widum) for those fleeing after causing damage. [Weisthum of Wenns: Property, Trade, and Infrastructure Regulations]: This section details the economic and administrative regulations of Wenns, including restrictions on exporting hay and straw, the management of village streams (dorbäch), and maintenance duties for roads and bridges (specifically the Piller and Püzen bridges). It defines the boundaries and usage rights for various alpine pastures (Pieverthal, Mitterthal, Straßberg, Schweinleger) and establishes rules for millers, timber transport (blochrüsen), and debt collection procedures. It also includes specific agreements with neighboring Jerzens regarding bridge construction materials. [Freiheiten for Ischgl and Galtür: Administrative and Judicial Privileges]: A detailed account of the freedoms and legal privileges granted to the communities of Ischgl and Galtür in the Patznaun valley, originally granted in 1460 and confirmed through 1793. The document describes the process for electing local judges (stabhalter), the appointment of sworn jurors, and the role of the court clerk and messenger (pieter). It outlines the relationship with the higher court at Nauders, procedures for appeals, and specific regulations for debt collection, property auctions (gantungen), and the rights of widows regarding inheritance and personal property. [Ischgl: Pasture Ordinances and Snow Flight Regulations]: This section contains two specific local ordinances for Ischgl: the Pfantordnung (1569) and the Schneefluchtbrief (1586). The 1569 ordinance, issued by Eustachius von Stamp, addresses disputes over livestock damage and overgrazing, establishing specific fines for different types of animals and the role of the field guards (saltner). The 1586 'Snow Flight' letter regulates how the community should manage livestock during heavy snow, prohibiting the introduction of foreign cattle and setting dates for moving herds between pastures and winter quarters. [III. In betreff der gemeinen wege, brücken, archen und wälder. 1701.]: A 1701 regulation for Ischgl concerning the maintenance of public roads, bridges, and water defenses (archen), as well as forest protection in the Fimba valley. It mandates communal labor for all residents and establishes fines for non-compliance or unauthorized woodcutting. [38. Angedair: Dorfordnung von 1638]: The 1638 village ordinance for Angedair (part of the Landeck lordship). It details strict regulations on livestock grazing limits (atzung), the hiring of communal shepherds, maintenance of fences, and the process for admitting new residents. It also includes historical footnotes regarding the ownership of the Landeck lordship by families like the Matsch and Schrofensteiner. [38. Angedair: Dorfordnung von 1815]: A modernized 1815 village ordinance for Angedair, updating the 1638 rules. It covers livestock grazing (specifically prohibiting 'vieschlenzen' or unsupervised grazing), maintenance of fences (lucken), residency and citizenship (bürgerrecht) fees, communal labor obligations, fire safety inspections, and the duties of the night watchman. [39. Perfuchs: Dorfordnung von 1641 und Nachträge]: The 1641 village ordinance for Perfuchs and Pruggen, including amendments from 1642, 1652, and 1677. It addresses conflicts with Angedair over grazing rights, establishes the roles of the Dorfvogt and Vierer, and regulates communal resources like the Tyal-wahl water system and local forests. It also sets fines for unauthorized residency and woodcutting. [40. Zams: Die eehaft der nachpaurn ze Zambs]: A 15th-century record of the customary laws (Eehaft) of Zams. It highlights the special freedoms granted to the 'Freisassen' by King Heinrich of Bohemia, including the right to emigrate with property, legal protections against arbitrary arrest, and specific regulations for timber slides (plochrisat), weights and measures, and communal grazing agreements with the neighboring village of Saurs. [41. Fiess: Dorfordnung und Eehaft (Teil I & II)]: The customary laws and village ordinances for Fliess (Fiess), dating from the 16th century with confirmations from 1589 and 1634. Part I details feudal obligations to the Bishopric of Regensburg and the Count of Tyrol. Part II (1519/1546) provides specific regulations for alpine grazing in Zanders and Goggles, livestock branding, water distribution (wasserrod), and forest protection in the Greimaltwald. [41. Fiess: Neuerrichte dorf- und gemeindes-ordnung von 1801]: A comprehensive 1801 update to the Fliess village ordinance. It includes 60 articles covering social and moral conduct (church attendance, school obligations for children), administrative duties, fire safety (quarterly chimney inspections), detailed irrigation schedules for the Mühlbach and Pillerbach, and strict environmental protections for local forests to prevent landslides and mudflows (mursgefahr). [42. Stanz: Gemeinsordnung of 1768]: A local ordinance for the community of Stanz established in 1768. It covers forest maintenance and penalties for unauthorized woodcutting, regulations on the number of foreign residents (insassen), and the specific fees (einkaufgeld and sitzgeld) required for outsiders to settle in the community, with fee reductions for those marrying local daughters. It also addresses specific requests for land use and formally nullifies previous ordinances from 1758 and 1766. [43. Flirsch: Dorfordnung of 1818 - Administrative Roles]: The 1818 village ordinance for Flirsch, detailing the selection and duties of local officials. It defines the role of the Anwalt as the community head and liaison to the court, the Dorfmeister as the treasurer and secretary responsible for public buildings and accounts, and the Dorfvogt as the tax collector and executive assistant. The text emphasizes the transition of Flirsch into an independent community in 1813 and the use of older templates for these regulations. [Flirsch Dorfordnung: Section I - General Welfare, Fire Safety, and Schools]: The first section of the Flirsch ordinance focuses on public safety and social order. It mandates fire inspections (feueranstalten), regulates the local school including the administration of endowments by Mathias Mungenast and Joseph Senn, and sets rules for community meetings. It also establishes strict criteria for admitting foreigners, including proof of morality and wealth, and sets fees for residency (sitzgeld) and the handling of vagrants. [Flirsch Dorfordnung: Section II - Forest Management (Waldordnung)]: The second section details forest management in Flirsch, prohibiting the export of wood to other communities and protecting mountain forests (bergwald) to prevent avalanches and landslides. It designates specific areas as 'pannwälde' (protected forests) for public or private construction needs and prohibits unauthorized mowing in forest clearings. Fines are established for illegal logging and trade, with rewards for informants. [Flirsch Dorfordnung: Sections III & IV - Grazing Rights and Penalties]: The final sections of the Flirsch ordinance regulate grazing (weideneien) and the impounding of livestock (pfändungen). It distinguishes between different types of herds (galtvieh and sommerkühe), sets grazing fees (waidegeld), and prohibits taking in foreign livestock. It also defines the role of the Pfänder (impounder) and the Pfandstallhalter (stable keeper), establishing specific fines for different animals found trespassing on private or community property. The document concludes with a note on community expenses and the inclusion of the Mesnergut under common grazing rules. [Nasserein: Dorfordnung (Village Ordinance) of 1656]: This segment contains the comprehensive village ordinance (Dorfordnung) for Nasserein (St. Jakob) from 1656. It details the duties of village officials like the dorfvogt (village reeve) and paumaster (building master), establishes fire safety protocols, and mandates the hiring of a schoolmaster during winter. It also covers regulations for foreign residents, inheritance of common lands, grazing rights for livestock, and the maintenance of public roads and water drainage systems. The text provides a granular look at the socio-legal structure of a 17th-century Tyrolean community. [Nasserein: Specific Regulations for the Three Communities]: This section details the specific grazing and pasture regulations for the three distinct communities within the Stanzerthal (Nasserein, Rafahl, and Gant). It includes rules for the appointment of pasture wardens (pfenter), the timing of livestock movement to alpine pastures, and the specific fines for trespassing or failing to maintain fences. It also lists the 'hausgmainden' (house commons) and the ancient farmsteads (uralte hofstaten) entitled to use them, distinguishing them from newer settlements built within the last seventy years. [St. Jakob and St. Anton: Village Ordinance of 1802]: An updated village ordinance from 1802 for St. Jakob and St. Anton. It defines the roles of the village advocate (Anwalt) and the four overseers (Vorgesetzte). Key provisions include strict fire safety inspections (visitation of chimneys), mandatory schooling with penalties for parents of truant children, restrictions on the residency of foreigners and vagrants, and detailed grazing fees (Waidgeld). It also includes a list of 'ponlucken' (gateways for field access) and regulations for forest management and the employment of a certified midwife. [Laudegg: Court Customs (Ehehaft) of 1548]: This segment presents the 'Ehehaft' (court customs) of the district of Laudegg as recorded in 1548. It outlines the schedule for court sessions (Taiding), the duties of subjects toward the sovereign (such as providing labor for castle maintenance), and the specific fines for crimes like manslaughter, assault, and unchastity. It also details the rights of subjects to common lands, forests, and waters, as well as regulations for mills, sawmills, and the maintenance of bridges. The text defines the geographical boundaries of the Laudegg jurisdiction. [Laudegg: Rodordnung (Transport Ordinance) of 1474]: A 1474 ordinance governing the 'Rod' (the organized transport of goods by cart) in the Laudegg district. It specifies when transport cycles begin, who is eligible to participate based on their ownership of oxen or horses, and the requirements for equipment to ensure the merchant's goods are safely handled. It includes rules for resolving disputes when a transporter's animals are sick and mandates the use of lots to determine the order of transport. [Laudegg: Perger-Drittl Court Customs (1624)]: This section contains the court customs specifically for the 'Perger-Drittl' (the mountain third) of the Laudegg district, covering the communities of Serfaus, Fiss, and Ladis. While similar to the 1548 general ordinance, it includes specific local details regarding alpine pasture rights (Alben), the maintenance of the bridge at Tösens, and mutual grazing agreements between neighboring mountain villages. It also defines the rights of the sovereign's mills in Laudegg and Fiss. [Kauns: Village Ordinance of 1624]: The 1624 village ordinance for Kauns, updated from older, illegible documents. It focuses heavily on agricultural management: the maintenance of fences (zeun), the regulation of field gates, and the strict scheduling of irrigation (wässerung). It also includes fire safety rules (prohibiting the drying of flax in ovens) and establishes the distribution of fines between the village reeve and the community. [Pfunds: Court Privileges and Customs (1303/1590)]: This segment details the ancient privileges and court customs of Pfunds, dating back to 1303 (with later confirmations). It establishes Pfunds as a distinct jurisdiction with specific procedures for handling 'harmful people' (criminals), including their transfer to the Laudegg court. It outlines the tax structure (leibsteur, kornzins, köszins), the duties of the 'mairhof' (manor farm), and the communal rights to water, forests, and hunting. It also includes regulations for weights, measures, and the conduct of innkeepers. [Nauders: Land Ordinance (Lantsprach) of 1436]: The 1436 'Lantsprach' (territorial ordinance) for Nauders, confirmed in 1531. It defines the complex jurisdictional relationships between Tyrol and the Bishopric of Chur in the Lower Engadine. It covers the maintenance of the bridge at Martina (Martinsprugg), the rights of the castle at Naudersberg, and the specific legal status of residents. Notable sections include marriage laws (penalties for marrying outside the jurisdiction without permission), toll exemptions for residents, and the procedures for holding court in cases of 'malefiz' (serious crimes). [Community Ordinance of Reschen (1794)]: A comprehensive community ordinance for Reschen established in 1794 under the supervision of the imperial-royal judiciary. The document outlines the annual election of village masters (dorfmaister), the duties of community officials, and strict rules for public conduct during assemblies. It includes detailed regulations for fire prevention, livestock grazing (specifically for horses, oxen, and sheep), maintenance of fences and paths, and water usage for irrigation. The ordinance also specifies a schedule of fines (pfandungen) for various infractions, such as allowing livestock to damage fields, unauthorized housing of strangers, and failure to participate in communal labor. It concludes with mandates for price monitoring of food products and the mediation of minor disputes by village elders to avoid litigation. [Weisthum of Graun (1617/1756)]: A comprehensive village ordinance (Gemainpuech) for Graun, originally established in 1617 and renovated in 1756. It details the election and duties of village officials (dorfmaister, fünfer, saltner), regulations for livestock (pigs, sheep, goats, cattle), maintenance of fences and water channels (archen), fire prevention in kitchens and chimneys, and strict rules regarding forest usage and timber cutting. It also addresses community membership, residency fees (einkaufgelt), and the management of communal labor and religious processions. [Weisthum of Langtaufers (1588)]: The 1588 village ordinance for Langtaufers, outlining the rights and duties of the community. Key provisions include strict penalties for unauthorized timber cutting, regulations for the production of shingles and construction wood, and rules for harvesting mountain hay. It also covers the management of communal pastures, the duties of village masters to maintain order and account for finances, and mandatory participation in religious processions and church services. [Continuation of Langtaufers and Haid Community Ordinance (1798)]: This segment concludes the Langtaufers regulations regarding saltner duties and transitions into the 1798 community ordinance for Haid. The Haid section details democratic procedures for electing village masters, rules for community meetings (including penalties for unexcused absences or disruptive behavior), and strict fire safety protocols. It also establishes a tariff for impounding stray livestock, mandates the maintenance of fences and water walls, and regulates communal labor obligations and residency requirements for outsiders. [St. Valentin auf der Haid: Hospital and Customary Rights (1489/1509)]: A historical record of the rights and obligations associated with the St. Valentin hospital on the Haide, involving the communities of Mals, Burgeis, and Nauders. It documents a 1489 agreement (with 1509 updates) regarding the annual procession, the donation of wine by Elsa an der Wis, and the duties of the 'Mair' (steward) to provide hospitality to pilgrims and the poor. The text outlines specific rights for the steward, such as timber rights in Nauders and grazing rights, while mandating the maintenance of the local bridge and the perpetual keeping of a fire for travelers. [Weisthum of Kundl and Liesfeld (1658 Confirmation)]: A 1658 confirmation by Archduke Ferdinand Karl of the ancient legal customs (Öffnung) for Kundl and Liesfeld. It details the jurisdiction of the judge and ambtmann, penalties for crimes, trade restrictions (cloth, wax, iron), military service exemptions, and communal rights regarding forests, pastures, and water usage (milling and ferry services). [Village Ordinance for Kundl and Liesfeld (1730)]: A comprehensive 1730 village ordinance issued by the court of Rattenberg for Kundl and Liesfeld. It focuses on fire safety (relocating flax-breaking huts), public morality (banning night-time carousing and swearing), labor relations between masters and servants, strict observance of Sundays/holidays, and controlling the influx of foreigners through residency fees (Einkaufgeld) and reporting requirements. [Court Procedures and Rüegat of Kropfsberg (16th Century)]: A 16th-century record of court procedures and penal articles for the Salzburgian lordship of Kropfsberg in the Ziller Valley. It outlines the formal questioning of the ambtman, the geographical boundaries of the Zell and Fügen court districts, and 30 specific articles governing hunting, fishing, blasphemy, marriage, and trade. It distinguishes between the jurisdiction of the Pfleger (criminal/high justice) and the Brobst (land/tenure disputes). [Annual Prohibitions and Judicial Inquiries of Kropfsberg]: A secondary 16th-century manuscript detailing the annual 'Gebot und Verbot' (commands and prohibitions) read at the Kropfsberg court sessions. It covers wildlife management (wolves, bears, otters), restrictions on private legal documents, bans on secret marriages, and regulations for artisans and millers. The section concludes with formal judicial inquiries regarding court attendance, representation, and the right to use force against land-disturbers (landzwinger). [Zell and Fügen: Urbar Rights and Penalties]: This segment details the legal and administrative regulations (Urbarrechte) for the districts of Zell and Fügen under the Archbishopric of Salzburg. It covers the annual assembly (Eehaft), penalties for non-attendance, fines for unpaid services or taxes, and strict rules regarding the unauthorized sale or mortgaging of property. It also defines the rights of individuals living abroad and the consequences for criminal behavior or unauthorized allegiance to foreign lords. [Lanersbach: Hofmark Regulations and Legal Articles]: A comprehensive list of 23 legal articles governing the Hofmark Lanersbach. The text addresses jurisdictional disputes between Salzburg and Tyrol, the conduct of the Eehaft assembly, and specific laws regarding property boundaries, theft, physical assault, and debt. Notable provisions include the penalty for breaking a sworn peace (cutting off a hand) and the rights of householders against nightly intruders. [Lanersbach: Supplementary Rulings on Grazing and Property]: A supplementary set of rulings from 1559 concerning grazing rights and livestock management in Lanersbach (Dux). It defines the procedure for handling trespassing cattle, including the right to take a pledge (Pfand) and the necessity of notifying the owner and the authorities to resolve damages. [Dorf and Au (Oetzthal): Community Boundaries and Resource Management]: A detailed 1684 confirmation of older community regulations for Dorf and Au in the Oetzthal. It describes the annual inspection of water defenses (archen), precise geographic boundary markers (marchen), and strict limitations on livestock numbers based on wintering capacity. It also covers forest protection (Bannwald), mill obligations for the community, and the maintenance of fences and paths. [Index of Persons and Subject Register]: An extensive alphabetical index of notable persons mentioned in Volumes I and II of the 'Tirolische Weisthümer', followed by a comprehensive subject register (Sachregister). The register provides a cross-reference for legal, social, and economic terms used throughout the collection, such as taxes, grazing rights, forest management, and judicial procedures. [Subject Register Continued and Table of Contents]: Continuation of the subject register (Zäune to Zunft) and the complete table of contents (Inhalts-Übersicht) for the volume. It lists all 54 main entries and the various supplements (Nachträge) included in the work, providing page references for each community's legal records. [Supplements, Corrections, and Forest Markers]: Final section containing the list of supplements for the first and second parts, a detailed list of forest markers (Holzmarcher) for the Hofmark Lichtenwurz/Kropfsberg, and a list of corrections and additions for Part I. It concludes with publisher advertisements for historical and academic works.
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Read full textThis segment contains the 'Ehehaft-ordnung' (local customary law/ordinance) for the district of Hörltenberg, covering prohibitions on blasphemy, adherence to Tyrolean state police regulations, and bans on usury. It includes an extensive footnote detailing the feudal history of the Lordship of Hörltenberg from the 13th century through its transfer to Tyrolean administration in 1825.
Read full textA detailed ordinance from 1631 for the community of Telfs. It establishes strict rules for 'Feierabend' (cessation of work) on Saturdays and holidays to ensure religious observance and participation in processions. It defines specific times for stopping work based on the season (Michaelmas vs. summer) and outlines fines for those caught working or driving wagons after the church bells have signaled the end of the workday.
Read full textThe title page for 'Die tirolischen Weisthümer II. Theil: Oberinntal' (1877), followed by a publisher's catalog from Wilhelm Braumüller. The catalog lists significant historical works on Austrian history, including multi-volume sets on Maria Theresa, Prince Eugene of Savoy, and the University of Vienna.
Read full textThis segment contains the title page and a comprehensive introduction to the second volume of Tyrolean Weisthümer, focusing on the Oberinnthal region. The editors, Zingerle and Inama-Sternegg, discuss the scope of the collection, which includes 150 legal records from 120 locations. They address the challenges of dating these documents, noting that the date of recording often differs from the age of the underlying customary law. The introduction also highlights the linguistic transition from Bavarian to Alemannic dialects in the upper Inn valley and the presence of Romance linguistic remnants. It concludes with acknowledgments to various contributors and archives.
Read full textA detailed set of community regulations for Inzing, primarily focusing on the management of natural resources and social order. It covers strict rules for woodcutting (especially larch and fir), the prevention of wood theft, and the organization of communal labor for maintaining paths and water defenses (archen). The text also details pasture rights, the hiring of herdsmen, the prohibition of unauthorized new buildings, and fire safety. It includes social restrictions on housing 'outsiders' and concludes with the formal public reading and acceptance of these laws in June 1616.
Read full textThis section presents two sets of documents for Flaurling. The first is a 15th-century parchment detailing territorial boundaries between Flaurling and Polling, wood and pasture rights, and the duties of millers and herdsmen. It reflects the transition of rights from the Stams monastery and local lords. The second document is a 1737 'Dorf- und Gemainsordnung' (Village and Community Order) which establishes entry fees for new residents, minimum wealth requirements for outsiders, and specific limitations on livestock for different classes of residents (Söllner vs. Lechenschaften) to prevent overgrazing.
Read full textTwo ordinances from Seefeld (1656 and 1757). The 1651/1656 decree focuses on preventing the settlement of poor, landless individuals to protect the community from the burden of beggars and resource depletion. It mandates high entry fees and wealth proof for newcomers. The 1757 ordinance provides administrative details: the election of 'Viertlmaister', fire safety inspections, prohibitions on gathering manure or grass from common lands, and restrictions on public dancing during the harvest season. It also establishes fixed compensation for community officials traveling on business.
Read full textThis segment covers the 1789/1790 community ordinances for Scharnitz and a 1775 regulation regarding church entry fees. The community statutes define the roles of the 'Anwald' and 'Viertlmeister', establish a tax system for residents based on their use of common lands, and create a primitive form of livestock insurance where the community shares the loss of a cow. The 1775 document specifies 'Einkaufgelder' (entry fees) paid to the local church by newcomers upon marriage or settlement, with reduced rates for locals and exemptions for certain cases of legitimized children.
Read full textThis segment contains the 'Öffnung' (legal declaration) for Leublfingen, detailing its rights and boundaries relative to Pettinau. It covers specific geographic markers for wood and pasture rights, strict regulations on protected timber (panholz), and rules for seasonal field usage. It also defines complex water management protocols for the local stream, including flood prevention and shared irrigation rights, as well as rules for livestock, milling, and the maintenance of public paths.
Read full textThis section establishes the updated legal order for the community of Silz under the lordship of St. Petersberg (1616). It outlines the duties of the village master (dorfmaister), the requirement for citizens to attend communal meetings, and the organization of communal labor. A significant portion is dedicated to forest conservation, identifying five specific protected forests (paanwäld) and regulating the extraction of timber for construction and fuel. It also details the management of the communal water canal (wasserwahl) from the Ötztal, including maintenance duties and penalties for unauthorized water diversion.
Read full textThis segment details the agricultural and pastoral calendar for Silz. It establishes a 15-year rotation system for alpine pastures (albfart) divided among three village sections. It sets strict dates for mowing meadows, driving livestock to summer pastures, and clearing fields. The text also regulates the use of public roads, prohibiting the storage of manure on thoroughfares, and defines the rights of the local 'mair' (estate manager) regarding irrigation and fertilization.
Read full textThis section addresses social and demographic regulations in Silz, focusing on residency permits and the prevention of poverty. It mandates an 'entry fee' (einkaufgeld) for new residents and sets strict conditions for those wishing to return to the village after spending their inheritance elsewhere. It also contains measures against vagrancy, limiting the housing of beggars and peddlers to a single night. The segment concludes with the duties of the village officials (sechsor and dorfmaister) and a 1628/1652 update increasing the wealth requirements and fees for new residents to ensure they do not become a burden on the community.
Read full textA detailed legal record (Weisthum) for the village of Rietz, based on a 1491 parchment and a 1637 renewal. It outlines specific grazing rights for small and large livestock across various landmarks (Gaißkopf, Stammsen, Telfern), forestry usage for timber and firewood, and strict water management rules for the village stream. The text also defines the jurisdictional boundaries of St. Petersberg and the specific obligations of local estates like the Püchelhof and the Mairhof, including maintenance of gates and fences.
Read full textThis section details the 'Pauteding' (manorial court) and customary laws of the Stams monastery, dating primarily from 1538. It establishes the Abbot's authority over the tenants, defining the geographical boundaries of the monastery's jurisdiction from Marchegk to the Inn river. It covers a wide range of regulations: labor services (fronarbeit), grazing limitations for specific farms (Bruderhofer, Wintfanger), fishing prohibitions, and strict social ordinances against gambling, swearing, and the unauthorized carrying of weapons. It also includes specific mandates for fire safety and the sale of grain or livestock to outsiders.
Read full textA specific forestry ordinance enacted in 1538 by the monastery of Stams for the subjects in Thann, Haslach, and Wintfang. The ordinance was created to address the 'unorderly waste' of woods and establishes 'panwälder' (protected forests) with clearly marked boundaries. It distinguishes between types of wood usage: timber for construction (larch, spruce), firewood, and wood for tools. It sets penalties for unauthorized cutting and mandates the annual appointment of forest overseers (rieger) to ensure compliance and sustainable use of communal resources.
Read full textA comprehensive set of 34 legal articles and subsequent 1652 amendments governing the community of Haimingen under the jurisdiction of St. Petersberg. The text details obligations to landlords (ground rents, tithes), specific grazing rights on shared meadows (Metzer wisen, Oberwis), and strict forest usage regulations (panholz). It establishes rigorous social and economic controls, including high entry fees (einkaufelt) for outsiders wishing to settle, mandatory communal labor for infrastructure like roads and wells, and detailed fire safety inspections. The 1652 additions further restrict residency to those with significant wealth (200-400 gulden) and mandate parental and communal consent for marriages involving new households.
Read full textLegal declarations regarding the rights and properties of the Frauenchiemsee (Frauenwerd) convent in the Oetzthal and Umhausen regions. The text outlines the authority of the convent's officials (kamrär) over tenants, defining boundaries from Hohen-Rain to Tinnels-joch. It covers diverse manorial rights including shares in fishing and hunting, the status of 'aigen laut' (serfs/unfree people) whose children belong to the convent, and inheritance taxes (totval). Economic regulations specify that dairy farms (swaiger) must pay rents in cheese rather than coin unless misfortune occurs, and farmers must offer the convent first right of refusal when selling tenancy rights (paurecht).
Read full textA 1625 ordinance for the community of Roppen focusing heavily on the exclusion of outsiders and the financial obligations of residents. It prohibits non-natives from settling without communal and lordly consent, specifically targeting former residents who spent their inheritance elsewhere and wish to return in poverty. The document mandates 'einkaufgelt' (entry fees) for new residents, sets fines for unauthorized harboring of strangers, and details the duties of the village mayor (dorfmaister) in inspecting livestock, chimneys, and fences. It also establishes fees for grazing excess cattle and fines for missing communal work days.
Read full textThe 1618 statutes for the communities of Untermieming and Fiecht, detailing the administrative and ecological governance of the village. Key provisions include fines for ignoring the village mayor's summons, penalties for failing to perform communal labor (with higher rates for alpine work), and strict environmental protections such as bans on gathering specific types of wood (täxen) or raking leaves in communal fields. The text also regulates the housing of sub-tenants (söllmann) and the admission of new households, requiring communal consent and entry fees. It concludes with the requirement for village officials to be sworn in by the St. Petersberg jurisdiction.
Read full textA detailed 18-point community ordinance for Obermiemingen established in 1765. It outlines the election and duties of the village master (Dorfmaister) and four officials (Gwalthaber), focusing on fire prevention (inspections of kitchens and chimneys), maintenance of fences, management of alpine pastures, and the regulation of foreign livestock. It also establishes rules for communal labor (Schichten), residency fees for newcomers (Einkaufsgelt), and prohibitions on night-time flax processing and unauthorized wood sales.
Read full textA comprehensive 20-point community ordinance for Wildermiemingen from 1691. It defines the governance structure involving a village master and twelve councilors (Ausschuss). Key regulations include strict forestry management to prevent over-logging, detailed grazing and mowing schedules for specific fields (Straßperg, Stairach), and rigorous requirements for new residents, including a minimum wealth threshold (150 gulden) and entry fees. Notably, it includes specific provisions for the legal status and residency rights of illegitimate children and the duties of fire inspectors.
Read full textA detailed 1741 community ordinance (Ehehaft) for Karres, outlining civic duties, residency requirements, and resource management. It establishes fines for missing community meetings or labor, sets strict financial thresholds for outsiders wishing to settle in the village (Einkaufgelt), and regulates the use of forests, pastures, and water. The text also defines the role of the 'Pfenter' (village overseer) and ensures the overarching rights of the sovereign and the court of Petersberg.
Read full textA 1664 ordinance for the market of Reutte and the parish of Breitenwang, preceded by a historical overview of the region's development under the Welfs, Hohenstaufens, and Habsburgs. The regulations focus on agricultural order, including livestock limits based on wintering capacity (Ausschlag), the timing of field grazing, maintenance of fences, and penalties for trespassing or unringed swine. It emphasizes the authority of the Reutte mayor and council over the parish in civil matters.
Read full textA comprehensive legal document (Baunding) defining the relationship between the Abbey of St. Mang in Füssen (the landlord) and the sovereign bailiff (Vogt) of Erenberg regarding the village of Aschau. It details territorial boundaries, tax obligations (Steuer), and judicial divisions, specifically the five high crimes reserved for the Vogt. The text covers inheritance laws (Erblehen), the rights of widows and children, the selection of the village mayor (Mair), and specific trade privileges such as duty-free commerce in Füssen and Ingolstadt.
Read full textA confirmation of rights granted by Duke Friedrich of Austria to the inhabitants of Lechthal and Thannheim in 1416, following the loss of original documents during the Appenzell wars. It establishes a fixed annual tax (Steur and Herrengeilt), limits labor duties for the Erenberg fortress, and protects the inhabitants' rights to hunt and fish (except for big game). It also outlines judicial protections, ensuring that locals cannot be forced into litigation if they can settle privately and protecting them from arbitrary imprisonment.
Read full textA 1607 comprehensive ordinance for the Thannheim valley, regulating nearly all aspects of communal life. It mandates religious observance on Sundays, sets rules for village mayors and overseers, and provides strict guidelines for alpine pasture use (Albordnung), including specific dates for driving cattle and limits on livestock numbers. The document also covers forest conservation (protecting trees near streams), road maintenance (Lantstraß), and social conduct, such as prohibiting late-night carousing by young men. It concludes with specific procedures for tax collection and the admission of new residents.
Read full textA detailed community ordinance from 1716 for the villages of Elmen and Klimm in the Lech valley. It establishes strict regulations for the construction and maintenance of river defenses (archen) against the Lech river, communal labor obligations, and agricultural rules regarding fencing and livestock. It also includes provisions for fire safety inspections, restrictions on building new hearths without permission, and specific 'entry fees' (bonification) for outsiders marrying into or moving to the community.
Read full textAn ordinance governing Elbigenalp and Köglen, focusing on the election of village officials (Gewalthaber) and their authority. Key regulations cover mandatory labor for river defenses and road maintenance, pasture cleaning, and strict fire safety protocols. Notably, it includes a public health regulation for the village fountain and a social reform limiting the financial burden of weddings by requiring guests to pay for their own meals.
Read full textA 1575 ordinance for the parish of Bichlbach. It details the election of four village masters and the hiring of communal herdsmen. It provides a sophisticated conversion table for different types of livestock (e.g., how many sheep equal one cow) for grazing rights. The document also addresses community compensation for damages caused by military transit and establishes a rigorous three-stage fine system for tax delinquency.
Read full textA shorter community brief from Berwang defining grazing rights (Grasrechte) and fees. It specifies the 'zehend' (tithe/quota) for cows and calves, prohibits foreign calves, and sets rules for livestock sold or bought mid-season. It mandates that all community members, specifically those from Egghof, must bring their livestock to the communal herdsman.
Read full textThis segment continues the communal agreement for Ehrwald, detailing specific regulations for livestock management. It covers the prohibition of certain bulls, rules for sheep and goat herding (including fees and seasonal restrictions), and the management of 'hailer' (young cattle). It also establishes financial obligations regarding the 'zehend' (tithe), procedures for communal meetings on St. George's Day, and penalties for damaging livestock or failing to attend communal assemblies.
Read full textA formal 1555 parchment decree establishing the governance and agricultural order for the three specific farms (Müllner, Holzleitner, and Orter) in Ehrwald. It outlines the election of three community leaders ('Dreier'), their authority over fencing, pasture schedules, and communal labor. The document specifies fines for neglected fences, unauthorized grazing of foreign cattle, and the duties of herders, while also defining the distribution of penalty fees between the local community and the court at Ehrenberg.
Read full textA comprehensive village ordinance (Ordnungsbrief) for Biberwier from 1598. It establishes the annual election of two village masters (Dorfmaister) and details regulations for communal land use, including the maintenance of fences, irrigation (water rights), livestock management, and penalties for violations. It also covers public works like bridge building and fire safety inspections.
Read full textA collection of legal documents and historical notes regarding the market town of Imst, primarily focusing on the 'gemainen ehafht' (communal laws) of the lower market. The text includes extensive historical context on the Starkenberger family and the town's development under Meinhard II. The specific regulations cover alpine grazing limits based on property size, fire prevention measures (such as chimney inspections and lantern rules), maintenance of communal paths and bridges, and strict forest protection laws (Panholz) to safeguard water sources and timber resources.
Read full textThis section continues the local regulations for Imst, specifically detailing the locations of 'premställe' (stables/shelters) and strict penalties for unauthorized woodcutting or damage to marked trees. It establishes rules for clearing felled timber to ensure livestock passage and mandates the maintenance of fences and gates by specific deadlines like St. George's Day.
Read full textA detailed set of regulations regarding the 'Rod' (rotational transport system) in Imst, including the financing of road construction under Archduke Sigmund. It covers the rights and duties of those participating in the transport service, equipment requirements (wagons and horses), penalties for non-compliance, and specific rules for livestock management and meadow protection.
Read full textThe village ordinance for Tarrenz, established by official Antoni Spergser, introduces a twelve-person committee to manage communal affairs. It details strict regulations on timber export, livestock quotas based on land ownership (grasgelt), seasonal grazing limits, and the duties of the 'gwalthaber' (community leaders) regarding taxes, fire safety, and fence maintenance.
Read full textLegal statutes for Nassereit and Torminz governing the annual election of community leaders, field protection (saltner), and fire safety inspections. A significant portion is dedicated to the 'Rod' system for transporting salt over the Fern Pass to Lermoos, establishing priority for local residents over outsiders in freight loading.
Read full textA communal agreement from Gramais outlining labor obligations for public works (bridges and roads), fence inspections, and penalties for livestock trespassing on protected meadows. It also mandates strict observance of religious holidays, threatening fines for those seen working during church services, and regulates the management of goats and sheep.
Read full textA comprehensive record of the legal customs (Weisthum) for the community of Wenns, dating back to a 1782 copy of older originals. It details the relationship between the local judge and the community, the schedule for judicial assemblies (eichel täding), and specific fines for non-attendance. The text outlines the historical jurisdiction granted by Meinhard II and King Heinrich, and describes specific rights such as the three-day asylum (freiung) in the church property (widum) for those fleeing after causing damage.
Read full textThis section details the economic and administrative regulations of Wenns, including restrictions on exporting hay and straw, the management of village streams (dorbäch), and maintenance duties for roads and bridges (specifically the Piller and Püzen bridges). It defines the boundaries and usage rights for various alpine pastures (Pieverthal, Mitterthal, Straßberg, Schweinleger) and establishes rules for millers, timber transport (blochrüsen), and debt collection procedures. It also includes specific agreements with neighboring Jerzens regarding bridge construction materials.
Read full textA detailed account of the freedoms and legal privileges granted to the communities of Ischgl and Galtür in the Patznaun valley, originally granted in 1460 and confirmed through 1793. The document describes the process for electing local judges (stabhalter), the appointment of sworn jurors, and the role of the court clerk and messenger (pieter). It outlines the relationship with the higher court at Nauders, procedures for appeals, and specific regulations for debt collection, property auctions (gantungen), and the rights of widows regarding inheritance and personal property.
Read full textThis section contains two specific local ordinances for Ischgl: the Pfantordnung (1569) and the Schneefluchtbrief (1586). The 1569 ordinance, issued by Eustachius von Stamp, addresses disputes over livestock damage and overgrazing, establishing specific fines for different types of animals and the role of the field guards (saltner). The 1586 'Snow Flight' letter regulates how the community should manage livestock during heavy snow, prohibiting the introduction of foreign cattle and setting dates for moving herds between pastures and winter quarters.
Read full textA 1701 regulation for Ischgl concerning the maintenance of public roads, bridges, and water defenses (archen), as well as forest protection in the Fimba valley. It mandates communal labor for all residents and establishes fines for non-compliance or unauthorized woodcutting.
Read full textThe 1638 village ordinance for Angedair (part of the Landeck lordship). It details strict regulations on livestock grazing limits (atzung), the hiring of communal shepherds, maintenance of fences, and the process for admitting new residents. It also includes historical footnotes regarding the ownership of the Landeck lordship by families like the Matsch and Schrofensteiner.
Read full textA modernized 1815 village ordinance for Angedair, updating the 1638 rules. It covers livestock grazing (specifically prohibiting 'vieschlenzen' or unsupervised grazing), maintenance of fences (lucken), residency and citizenship (bürgerrecht) fees, communal labor obligations, fire safety inspections, and the duties of the night watchman.
Read full textThe 1641 village ordinance for Perfuchs and Pruggen, including amendments from 1642, 1652, and 1677. It addresses conflicts with Angedair over grazing rights, establishes the roles of the Dorfvogt and Vierer, and regulates communal resources like the Tyal-wahl water system and local forests. It also sets fines for unauthorized residency and woodcutting.
Read full textA 15th-century record of the customary laws (Eehaft) of Zams. It highlights the special freedoms granted to the 'Freisassen' by King Heinrich of Bohemia, including the right to emigrate with property, legal protections against arbitrary arrest, and specific regulations for timber slides (plochrisat), weights and measures, and communal grazing agreements with the neighboring village of Saurs.
Read full textThe customary laws and village ordinances for Fliess (Fiess), dating from the 16th century with confirmations from 1589 and 1634. Part I details feudal obligations to the Bishopric of Regensburg and the Count of Tyrol. Part II (1519/1546) provides specific regulations for alpine grazing in Zanders and Goggles, livestock branding, water distribution (wasserrod), and forest protection in the Greimaltwald.
Read full textA comprehensive 1801 update to the Fliess village ordinance. It includes 60 articles covering social and moral conduct (church attendance, school obligations for children), administrative duties, fire safety (quarterly chimney inspections), detailed irrigation schedules for the Mühlbach and Pillerbach, and strict environmental protections for local forests to prevent landslides and mudflows (mursgefahr).
Read full textA local ordinance for the community of Stanz established in 1768. It covers forest maintenance and penalties for unauthorized woodcutting, regulations on the number of foreign residents (insassen), and the specific fees (einkaufgeld and sitzgeld) required for outsiders to settle in the community, with fee reductions for those marrying local daughters. It also addresses specific requests for land use and formally nullifies previous ordinances from 1758 and 1766.
Read full textThe 1818 village ordinance for Flirsch, detailing the selection and duties of local officials. It defines the role of the Anwalt as the community head and liaison to the court, the Dorfmeister as the treasurer and secretary responsible for public buildings and accounts, and the Dorfvogt as the tax collector and executive assistant. The text emphasizes the transition of Flirsch into an independent community in 1813 and the use of older templates for these regulations.
Read full textThe first section of the Flirsch ordinance focuses on public safety and social order. It mandates fire inspections (feueranstalten), regulates the local school including the administration of endowments by Mathias Mungenast and Joseph Senn, and sets rules for community meetings. It also establishes strict criteria for admitting foreigners, including proof of morality and wealth, and sets fees for residency (sitzgeld) and the handling of vagrants.
Read full textThe second section details forest management in Flirsch, prohibiting the export of wood to other communities and protecting mountain forests (bergwald) to prevent avalanches and landslides. It designates specific areas as 'pannwälde' (protected forests) for public or private construction needs and prohibits unauthorized mowing in forest clearings. Fines are established for illegal logging and trade, with rewards for informants.
Read full textThe final sections of the Flirsch ordinance regulate grazing (weideneien) and the impounding of livestock (pfändungen). It distinguishes between different types of herds (galtvieh and sommerkühe), sets grazing fees (waidegeld), and prohibits taking in foreign livestock. It also defines the role of the Pfänder (impounder) and the Pfandstallhalter (stable keeper), establishing specific fines for different animals found trespassing on private or community property. The document concludes with a note on community expenses and the inclusion of the Mesnergut under common grazing rules.
Read full textThis segment contains the comprehensive village ordinance (Dorfordnung) for Nasserein (St. Jakob) from 1656. It details the duties of village officials like the dorfvogt (village reeve) and paumaster (building master), establishes fire safety protocols, and mandates the hiring of a schoolmaster during winter. It also covers regulations for foreign residents, inheritance of common lands, grazing rights for livestock, and the maintenance of public roads and water drainage systems. The text provides a granular look at the socio-legal structure of a 17th-century Tyrolean community.
Read full textThis section details the specific grazing and pasture regulations for the three distinct communities within the Stanzerthal (Nasserein, Rafahl, and Gant). It includes rules for the appointment of pasture wardens (pfenter), the timing of livestock movement to alpine pastures, and the specific fines for trespassing or failing to maintain fences. It also lists the 'hausgmainden' (house commons) and the ancient farmsteads (uralte hofstaten) entitled to use them, distinguishing them from newer settlements built within the last seventy years.
Read full textAn updated village ordinance from 1802 for St. Jakob and St. Anton. It defines the roles of the village advocate (Anwalt) and the four overseers (Vorgesetzte). Key provisions include strict fire safety inspections (visitation of chimneys), mandatory schooling with penalties for parents of truant children, restrictions on the residency of foreigners and vagrants, and detailed grazing fees (Waidgeld). It also includes a list of 'ponlucken' (gateways for field access) and regulations for forest management and the employment of a certified midwife.
Read full textThis segment presents the 'Ehehaft' (court customs) of the district of Laudegg as recorded in 1548. It outlines the schedule for court sessions (Taiding), the duties of subjects toward the sovereign (such as providing labor for castle maintenance), and the specific fines for crimes like manslaughter, assault, and unchastity. It also details the rights of subjects to common lands, forests, and waters, as well as regulations for mills, sawmills, and the maintenance of bridges. The text defines the geographical boundaries of the Laudegg jurisdiction.
Read full textA 1474 ordinance governing the 'Rod' (the organized transport of goods by cart) in the Laudegg district. It specifies when transport cycles begin, who is eligible to participate based on their ownership of oxen or horses, and the requirements for equipment to ensure the merchant's goods are safely handled. It includes rules for resolving disputes when a transporter's animals are sick and mandates the use of lots to determine the order of transport.
Read full textThis section contains the court customs specifically for the 'Perger-Drittl' (the mountain third) of the Laudegg district, covering the communities of Serfaus, Fiss, and Ladis. While similar to the 1548 general ordinance, it includes specific local details regarding alpine pasture rights (Alben), the maintenance of the bridge at Tösens, and mutual grazing agreements between neighboring mountain villages. It also defines the rights of the sovereign's mills in Laudegg and Fiss.
Read full textThe 1624 village ordinance for Kauns, updated from older, illegible documents. It focuses heavily on agricultural management: the maintenance of fences (zeun), the regulation of field gates, and the strict scheduling of irrigation (wässerung). It also includes fire safety rules (prohibiting the drying of flax in ovens) and establishes the distribution of fines between the village reeve and the community.
Read full textThis segment details the ancient privileges and court customs of Pfunds, dating back to 1303 (with later confirmations). It establishes Pfunds as a distinct jurisdiction with specific procedures for handling 'harmful people' (criminals), including their transfer to the Laudegg court. It outlines the tax structure (leibsteur, kornzins, köszins), the duties of the 'mairhof' (manor farm), and the communal rights to water, forests, and hunting. It also includes regulations for weights, measures, and the conduct of innkeepers.
Read full textThe 1436 'Lantsprach' (territorial ordinance) for Nauders, confirmed in 1531. It defines the complex jurisdictional relationships between Tyrol and the Bishopric of Chur in the Lower Engadine. It covers the maintenance of the bridge at Martina (Martinsprugg), the rights of the castle at Naudersberg, and the specific legal status of residents. Notable sections include marriage laws (penalties for marrying outside the jurisdiction without permission), toll exemptions for residents, and the procedures for holding court in cases of 'malefiz' (serious crimes).
Read full textA comprehensive community ordinance for Reschen established in 1794 under the supervision of the imperial-royal judiciary. The document outlines the annual election of village masters (dorfmaister), the duties of community officials, and strict rules for public conduct during assemblies. It includes detailed regulations for fire prevention, livestock grazing (specifically for horses, oxen, and sheep), maintenance of fences and paths, and water usage for irrigation. The ordinance also specifies a schedule of fines (pfandungen) for various infractions, such as allowing livestock to damage fields, unauthorized housing of strangers, and failure to participate in communal labor. It concludes with mandates for price monitoring of food products and the mediation of minor disputes by village elders to avoid litigation.
Read full textA comprehensive village ordinance (Gemainpuech) for Graun, originally established in 1617 and renovated in 1756. It details the election and duties of village officials (dorfmaister, fünfer, saltner), regulations for livestock (pigs, sheep, goats, cattle), maintenance of fences and water channels (archen), fire prevention in kitchens and chimneys, and strict rules regarding forest usage and timber cutting. It also addresses community membership, residency fees (einkaufgelt), and the management of communal labor and religious processions.
Read full textThe 1588 village ordinance for Langtaufers, outlining the rights and duties of the community. Key provisions include strict penalties for unauthorized timber cutting, regulations for the production of shingles and construction wood, and rules for harvesting mountain hay. It also covers the management of communal pastures, the duties of village masters to maintain order and account for finances, and mandatory participation in religious processions and church services.
Read full textThis segment concludes the Langtaufers regulations regarding saltner duties and transitions into the 1798 community ordinance for Haid. The Haid section details democratic procedures for electing village masters, rules for community meetings (including penalties for unexcused absences or disruptive behavior), and strict fire safety protocols. It also establishes a tariff for impounding stray livestock, mandates the maintenance of fences and water walls, and regulates communal labor obligations and residency requirements for outsiders.
Read full textA historical record of the rights and obligations associated with the St. Valentin hospital on the Haide, involving the communities of Mals, Burgeis, and Nauders. It documents a 1489 agreement (with 1509 updates) regarding the annual procession, the donation of wine by Elsa an der Wis, and the duties of the 'Mair' (steward) to provide hospitality to pilgrims and the poor. The text outlines specific rights for the steward, such as timber rights in Nauders and grazing rights, while mandating the maintenance of the local bridge and the perpetual keeping of a fire for travelers.
Read full textA 1658 confirmation by Archduke Ferdinand Karl of the ancient legal customs (Öffnung) for Kundl and Liesfeld. It details the jurisdiction of the judge and ambtmann, penalties for crimes, trade restrictions (cloth, wax, iron), military service exemptions, and communal rights regarding forests, pastures, and water usage (milling and ferry services).
Read full textA comprehensive 1730 village ordinance issued by the court of Rattenberg for Kundl and Liesfeld. It focuses on fire safety (relocating flax-breaking huts), public morality (banning night-time carousing and swearing), labor relations between masters and servants, strict observance of Sundays/holidays, and controlling the influx of foreigners through residency fees (Einkaufgeld) and reporting requirements.
Read full textA 16th-century record of court procedures and penal articles for the Salzburgian lordship of Kropfsberg in the Ziller Valley. It outlines the formal questioning of the ambtman, the geographical boundaries of the Zell and Fügen court districts, and 30 specific articles governing hunting, fishing, blasphemy, marriage, and trade. It distinguishes between the jurisdiction of the Pfleger (criminal/high justice) and the Brobst (land/tenure disputes).
Read full textA secondary 16th-century manuscript detailing the annual 'Gebot und Verbot' (commands and prohibitions) read at the Kropfsberg court sessions. It covers wildlife management (wolves, bears, otters), restrictions on private legal documents, bans on secret marriages, and regulations for artisans and millers. The section concludes with formal judicial inquiries regarding court attendance, representation, and the right to use force against land-disturbers (landzwinger).
Read full textThis segment details the legal and administrative regulations (Urbarrechte) for the districts of Zell and Fügen under the Archbishopric of Salzburg. It covers the annual assembly (Eehaft), penalties for non-attendance, fines for unpaid services or taxes, and strict rules regarding the unauthorized sale or mortgaging of property. It also defines the rights of individuals living abroad and the consequences for criminal behavior or unauthorized allegiance to foreign lords.
Read full textA comprehensive list of 23 legal articles governing the Hofmark Lanersbach. The text addresses jurisdictional disputes between Salzburg and Tyrol, the conduct of the Eehaft assembly, and specific laws regarding property boundaries, theft, physical assault, and debt. Notable provisions include the penalty for breaking a sworn peace (cutting off a hand) and the rights of householders against nightly intruders.
Read full textA supplementary set of rulings from 1559 concerning grazing rights and livestock management in Lanersbach (Dux). It defines the procedure for handling trespassing cattle, including the right to take a pledge (Pfand) and the necessity of notifying the owner and the authorities to resolve damages.
Read full textA detailed 1684 confirmation of older community regulations for Dorf and Au in the Oetzthal. It describes the annual inspection of water defenses (archen), precise geographic boundary markers (marchen), and strict limitations on livestock numbers based on wintering capacity. It also covers forest protection (Bannwald), mill obligations for the community, and the maintenance of fences and paths.
Read full textAn extensive alphabetical index of notable persons mentioned in Volumes I and II of the 'Tirolische Weisthümer', followed by a comprehensive subject register (Sachregister). The register provides a cross-reference for legal, social, and economic terms used throughout the collection, such as taxes, grazing rights, forest management, and judicial procedures.
Read full textContinuation of the subject register (Zäune to Zunft) and the complete table of contents (Inhalts-Übersicht) for the volume. It lists all 54 main entries and the various supplements (Nachträge) included in the work, providing page references for each community's legal records.
Read full textFinal section containing the list of supplements for the first and second parts, a detailed list of forest markers (Holzmarcher) for the Hofmark Lichtenwurz/Kropfsberg, and a list of corrections and additions for Part I. It concludes with publisher advertisements for historical and academic works.
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